Nationalism is back in force in Angola, Guinea-Bissau and Mozambique.
While the years 1990s saw a rise in public debates about the liberation
struggle and national heroes, the 2000s saw a flurry of offfijicial commemorations
and the building of many monuments to celebrate nationalist
achievements. In Angola, three new memorials to national heroes and
martyrs have been built by the Ministry of Public Works since 2003 as well
as a Cultural Centre to the memory of Angola’s fijirst president Agostinho
Neto. In Mozambique, all formers liberation war’s military bases have
been turned into monuments, and a National Liberation Museum has
been created in the northern village of Chai in 2005.