This report is of a study of the informal water sector in Luanda in the post-war context. The research was an applied research project with a view to advocacy for improved Government water policy and practice so as to bring it more into line with the needs of poor consumers who fall outside the formal distribution network. The results of the research will inform programme planning and impact assessments for basic services and public health projects of the World Bank, European Union and the Luanda Urban Poverty Programme (LUPP).
The research aimed to understand the post-war evolution of the informal water economy (and how it has evolved since Development Workshop research in the 1990s), understand how it is likely to evolve and contribute to the improvement of the supply of water to communities in informal settlements, understand better how institutional capacity can best be developed (especially at the interface between communities and the service providers) and provide lessons and about the sector to promote pro-poor poverty reduction strategies through better services.
The study shows that overall the quantity of water supplied to Luanda by the formal system has increased since the 1990s. In 1995 EPAL supplied each day to the city of Luanda from the Kifangondo pumping station 40,000 cubic metres. The theoretical capacity of the Luanda water system is now 462,000 cubic metres per day and the average real production 274,000 cubic metres per day. Losses in the system are however estimated to be 82,000 cubic metres per day so the amount available is on average 192,000 cubic metres per day. Despite this significant increase, the mostly frequently mentioned source of water in Luanda is a neighbour’s water tank and the next most frequently mentioned is directly from a water lorry.
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