This report is based on a assessment of post-conflict Angola by Development Workshop, carried out in 2004 and 2005 through a review of existing recent research and situation reports, interviews with key informants, visits to four Provinces and localised case studies in these four Provinces. The aims of the report are to create awareness of the challenges of creating a sustainable peace in Angola and create an awareness of the issues, opportunities and constraints for Angola four years after the ceasefire of April 2002.
It has been widely recognised however that major challenges remain in the achievement of a true and sustainable peace for Angola, as in almost all post-conflict contexts. The post-conflict transition involves a large number of processes (economic, social and political) that have to be carried out under difficult circumstances. In Angola, physical, human and social capital has been lost during a long-term conflict. There are thus enormous challenges in transforming the cease-fire into a sustainable peace and in ensuring that the country does not, once again, lapse into violence.
It has also been recognised that progress with the various post-conflict processes has been uneven, and that a lack of progress with the key post-conflict transition processes could have important implications for creating a sustainable peace. It is widely recognised (internationally and nationally) that there is only a short “window of opportunity” after the end of open conflict in which to do create a sustainable peace.
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Casual labour, peasant farming, sale of natural resources and most informal sector trading are survival strategies and not livelihood strategies: